Perceptually uniform color space designed for measuring color differences. Overview CIE LAB (also written as CIELAB or Lab*) is designed to be perceptually uniform, meaning that equal distances in LAB space correspond to roughly equal perceived color differences. This makes it ideal for: Color difference calculations …

Device-independent color space based on human vision tristimulus values. Overview CIE XYZ is the foundation of colorimetry. It's based on how the human eye perceives color through three types of cone cells (L, M, S). XYZ values are device-independent and serve as an intermediate space for most color conversions. RGB to …

Quantifying perceptual differences between colors using Delta E metrics. Overview Color difference formulas quantify how different two colors appear to the human eye. They're essential for: Quality control in manufacturing Color matching and reproduction Perceptual image processing Color tolerance specifications Delta …

Practical guides and mathematical foundations for color science, color spaces, and image processing. Tristimulus Values & Color Matching Functions Color perception is based on three types of cone cells in the human eye. The CIE defined standard color matching functions $\bar{x}(\lambda)$, $\bar{y}(\lambda)$, …

Fast lookup for color space conversion formulas and workflows. Conversion Workflow graph LR sRGB -->|Linearize| LinearRGB LinearRGB -->|Matrix| XYZ XYZ -->|Transform| LAB LAB -->|Polar| LCH LinearRGB -->|Analysis| HSV LinearRGB -->|Analysis| HSL XYZ -->|Inverse Matrix| LinearRGB LinearRGB -->|Gamma| sRGB Quick …

Intuitive color representations based on Hue, Saturation, and Value/Lightness. Overview HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) and HSL (Hue, Saturation, Lightness) are cylindrical color models designed to be more intuitive than RGB for human color selection. They're commonly used in color pickers and image editing software. Key …

RGB Color Model The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green, and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. Representation Each color component (Red, Green, Blue) is typically represented by an 8-bit integer, ranging from 0 to 255. Black: $(0, 0, 0)$ …

Reference light sources used in colorimetry for consistent color measurement and reproduction. Overview Standard illuminants define the spectral power distribution (SPD) of light sources. They're essential for: Color measurement and specification Chromatic adaptation (adjusting colors for different lighting) Color …