Easy-level Protocol Buffers interview questions covering basics, syntax, and fundamental concepts. Q1: What are Protocol Buffers and why use them? Answer: Protocol Buffers (protobuf) is a language-neutral, platform-neutral extensible mechanism for serializing structured data. Key Benefits: Efficiency: Smaller size than …

Hard-level Protocol Buffers interview questions covering advanced topics, performance optimization, and complex scenarios. Q1: How does Protocol Buffer encoding work internally? Answer: Varint Encoding: Variable-length encoding for integers Smaller numbers use fewer bytes Most significant bit indicates continuation …

Medium-level Protocol Buffers interview questions covering advanced features, schema evolution, and best practices. Q1: How do you handle schema evolution and backward compatibility? Answer: Backward Compatibility Rules: Never change field numbers: 1// ❌ BAD: Changing field number breaks compatibility 2message User { 3 …

Buf commands, project structure, and code generation patterns for Protocol Buffers. Based on real-world project structure. Installation 1# Install buf 2# macOS 3brew install bufbuild/buf/buf 4 5# Linux 6curl -sSL "https://github.com/bufbuild/buf/releases/latest/download/buf-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o …

Useful Google protobuf packages for APIs, gRPC, and common patterns. googleapis Common Google API definitions. Installation 1# Using buf 2buf dep update 3 4# Add to buf.yaml 5deps: 6 - buf.build/googleapis/googleapis google.type Common types for APIs. 1import "google/type/date.proto"; 2import …

Google's standard protobuf library includes many useful well-known types. Import Path 1import "google/protobuf/any.proto"; 2import "google/protobuf/timestamp.proto"; 3import "google/protobuf/duration.proto"; 4import "google/protobuf/struct.proto"; 5import …